{"id":12211,"date":"2015-11-18T14:46:11","date_gmt":"2015-11-18T20:46:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.planview.com\/?p=12211"},"modified":"2020-02-20T14:49:14","modified_gmt":"2020-02-20T20:49:14","slug":"lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.planview.com\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\/","title":{"rendered":"Lead Time Metrics: Why Weekends Matter"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

At the Agile2015 conference last August, I overheard a tool vendor demonstrating\u00a0metrics reports to an interested visitor. Wanting to learn more, I lingered by the booth.\u00a0The visitor\u00a0expressed interest in lead time metrics and asked if there was any way to exclude weekends from the lead time reports.<\/p>\n

I intruded (in my politest, most respectable way) and asked, \u201cReally? Why do you want to exclude weekends from lead time?\u201d<\/p>\n

He replied, \u201cSince my team doesn\u2019t work over the weekend, I don\u2019t want that time counted against us.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cHow is it that lead time metrics count against you?\u201d I asked.<\/p>\n

\u201cWell,\u201d he said, \u201cOur VP told us to reduce our lead time. It\u2019s listed in my goals, so it impacts my review. My merit increase is tied to my annual performance review.\u201d\u00a0My sad, stunned expression couldn\u2019t find any words to accompany it. I left the booth\u00a0and moved on.<\/p>\n

Since then, I\u2019ve heard similar stories. People begging to exclude weekends from time metrics\u00a0reports appears to be a prevalent phenomenon. And it bothers me.\u00a0I even vented about\u00a0it\u00a0on Twitter recently.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The\u00a0responses included \u201cYessss!!!!, Plz!\u201d and \u201cPlease do!\u201d \u2014 so,\u00a0voila!\u00a0<\/em>\u2014 I developed a\u00a0talk for\u00a0Lean Kanban Central Europe\u00a0(#LKCE15<\/a>) about the topic and also wrote this blog post.<\/p>\n

Why All Non-Working Time\u00a0Matters<\/h3>\n

Here are three\u00a0reasons why excluding weekends (or other times perceived to be non-working times) from time metrics can get you into trouble:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Time metrics are based on assumptions.<\/li>\n
  • The numbers will likely be gamed.<\/li>\n
  • Customers care about time in terms of duration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    1. Time Metrics are Based on Assumptions<\/h3>\n

    Time metrics\u00a0can be discredited by questioning your\u00a0assumptions.\u00a0For example: Let\u2019s say that you want to exclude time that the team doesn\u2019t work from lead time metrics.<\/p>\n

    Do you want to exclude all weekends? Does this mean that\u00a0no <\/em><\/strong>one<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0on your team ever works weekends?\u00a0How about holidays? Do you work on any holidays? If so, which holidays? How about bank holidays? Do your customers only shop Monday through\u00a0Friday, excluding bank holidays? What about the team in the UK? Should we go with US holidays or UK holidays?<\/p>\n

    Do people work at all during vacation time? Should we exclude from metrics the vacation days that workers actually take, or all those that are offered?\u00a0How about about sick days? People don\u2019t work when they\u2019re sick. What about half days? People can go home early if\u00a0they don\u2019t feel well.<\/p>\n

    Many people don\u2019t get much work done during meetings. So, maybe excluding meeting time would provide a more accurate metric. What about an emergency that interrupted the team\u2019s work for two days \u2014 should that count? Surely, an issue outside of the team\u2019s control (such as Akamai reissuing a SSL certificate) should not count toward your lead time.<\/p>\n

    Why not go all the way? Why not just measure lead times in units of hours, excluding anything outside of working hours? Would that be a 40-hour workweek? Is everyone on your team working exactly 40 hours per week \u2014 every week?<\/p>\n

    Those are several examples of the assumptions you\u2019d need to discuss:\u00a0How much time are you willing to spend defending them, and what business value will the\u00a0debating\u00a0generate?<\/p>\n

    2. The Numbers Will Be Gamed<\/h3>\n

    Beyond debating assumptions, time metrics exclusions will generate a workplace culture that harbors inaccuracy and deception.\u00a0I worked once for a telecom that required workers to fill out weekly time sheets. Every Friday, I entered 40 hours per week. It was a requisite for billing and how I, as a contractor, got paid.<\/p>\n

    Employees also filled out time sheets, but not for billing purposes. These\u00a0weekly time sheets tracked their project hours. Based on the time sheet data, management made decisions about resource utilization and capacity planning.<\/p>\n

    Some people used a 40\/60 rule of thumb, where 40% of their time was spent in non-project events such as staff meetings, training, and other administrative tasks. Others attributed all 40 hours to project work, as they feared it would otherwise reflect poorly on them. As a result, the time sheet data was inaccurate and everyone knew it. Regardless, the data was used because project management office processes ruled the floor.<\/p>\n

    The adage, \u201cWhen a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure,\u201d is attributed to economist Charles Goodhart. Known as Goodhart\u2019s Law, it has profound implications for technology organizations.\u00a0Many measures are easy to collect in high tech data-capture systems. When seen as credible, they can be deceptively comforting.<\/p>\n

    An arm of a financial services organization I worked with ended up mandating a 50% reduction in lead time. This mandate resulted in people working weekends and holidays to manipulate lead time and velocity metrics. It was a quick, albeit deceptive, approach to meet the target.<\/p>\n

    Another team in a different department struggled to finish their stories within their two-week sprint. Instead of sizing stories adequately, they acquiesced under pressure and jumbo-sized their stories. The team worked weekends in order to finish the bloated stories. The velocity measures appeared good, but they didn\u2019t take into account the weekend effort. Leadership was delighted with the apparent velocity improvement and asked the team to start finishing bigger stories in less than a sprint. In short: Madness ensued.<\/p>\n

    3. Customers Care About Duration<\/h3>\n

    If you\u2019re my business customer, and you ask me when a feature will be delivered, and I tell you in 30 days, you expect it to be delivered 30 days from now. You would not be happy if you discovered 30 days from now that the feature won\u2019t be delivered for another 11 days, because weekends and holidays don\u2019t count.<\/p>\n

    In my experience, customers have never cared how long their request sat in development or test or waiting for deployment. They\u2019ve never cared about the technical lead time. They cared about the time to market \u2013 the duration. When understood correctly, lead time represents the duration of time customers wait before they can provide feedback.<\/p>\n

    du\u00b7ra\u00b7tion<\/em><\/strong>, noun<\/p>\n

    The period during which something exists, lasts, or is in progress.<\/p>\n

    i.e. \u201cThe subway stop will be closed for the duration of the convention.\u201d<\/p>\n

    Synonyms: full length, time, time span, time scale, period, term, span, fullness, length, extent, continuation<\/p>\n

    Duration has a start time and an end time. It doesn\u2019t do start-stop-start-stop-start-stop. That would be process time and wait time \u2014 which are important measurements for studying and improving internal times \u2014 but they\u2019re not important to business customers. It\u2019s the sequential calendar days that matter.<\/p>\n

    Using metrics to shame people encourages gaming. Similarly, target-driven metrics that solely focus on the metric and not the real goal of continuous improvement can encourage gaming.<\/p>\n

    Improve the Odds of Attaining Good Time Metrics<\/h3>\n

    Lead time metrics are a great way to view trends. Tracking the lead time over a period of time can help you evaluate the effectiveness of improvements or the detrimental effect of changes. Knowing the lead time can also help to predict costs and provide estimates for future work. You can demonstrate that your lead time metrics are creditable by using\u00a0clear assumptions.<\/p>\n

    There will always be variability in work due to holidays, sick days and unplanned events. Credit your leadership for being smart\u00a0enough to understand that requests arriving the day before a three-day weekend will have a longer lead time. They might not be thrilled about it, but leadership will likely appreciate the improved accuracy of your metrics, especially if they\u2019re\u00a0used for forecasting.<\/p>\n

    If you\u2019re a manager, avoid\u00a0setting up your workers for gaming numbers. Be OK\u00a0with truth.\u00a0Visibility of accurate data arises from transparency. And, keep in mind the calendar start and end time (a.k.a., duration). Your customers will appreciate the improved predictability of time to market.<\/p>\n

    Understanding the purposes served by metrics \u2014 to continuously improve business decisions and to retain happy customers \u2014 can help you focus on the heart of your business instead of shallow targets. How you measure your organization\u2019s time metrics reflects your culture and clearly impacts employee job satisfaction, so choose how you measure carefully.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    At the Agile2015 conference last August, I overheard a tool vendor demonstrating\u00a0metrics reports to an interested visitor. Wanting to learn more, I lingered by the booth.\u00a0The visitor\u00a0expressed interest in lead time metrics and asked if there was any way to exclude weekends from the lead time reports. I intruded (in my politest, most respectable way)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":151,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[511],"class_list":["post-12211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-work-collaboration","tag-leankit"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLead Time Metrics: Why Weekends Matter - Blog | Planview<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The visitor\u00a0expressed interest in lead time metrics and asked if there was any way to exclude weekends from the lead time reports.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.planview.com\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lead Time Metrics: Why Weekends Matter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The visitor\u00a0expressed interest in lead time metrics and asked if there was any way to exclude weekends from the lead time reports.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.planview.com\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Planview Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pages\/Planview-Inc\/89422974772\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-11-18T20:46:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-02-20T20:49:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.planview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/LK_blogPhoto_LeanTimeMetrics.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dominica Degrandis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Planview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Planview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dominica Degrandis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Dominica Degrandis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/eb07f960fc49f0f339a2d9fc1090e875\"},\"headline\":\"Lead Time Metrics: Why Weekends Matter\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-11-18T20:46:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-02-20T20:49:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1366,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/02\\\/LK_blogPhoto_LeanTimeMetrics.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"LeanKit\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Work Management for Teams\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.planview.com\\\/lead-time-metrics-why-weekends-matter\\\/\",\"name\":\"Lead Time Metrics: Why Weekends Matter - 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